I know this is an old issue, but we are experiencing exactly the same problem described by the original poster. Scenario:
1. Copy text from an outlook email which would be a valid windows file name.
2. Print the email, selecting "Adobe PDF" as the target printer.
3. ctrl+v to paste copied text.
4. Outlook immediately hangs and the save file dialog no longer works.
We were also able re-create this issue when copying text from Internet Explorer 11. The same procedure DID work using Google Chrome. Perhaps it is a issue with pasting text that has some invisible formatting, which explains why pasting from notepad did not cause the issue. Any help is appreciated, System specs below.
Windows 7 Professional x64 SP1
Office 365 (2013)
Adobe Acrobat X Standard 10.1.10